Access to health and social protection policies by homeless people during the COVID-19 pandemic: a mixed-methods case study on tailored inter-sector care during a health emergency.

Introduction: The article analyzed homeless people's (HP) access to health and social protection policies and tailored inter-sector care, including emergency measures, during the COVID-19 pandemic in Belo Horizonte (BH), capital of Minas Gerais state, Brazil. It intended to provide data on HP and evaluate existing public policies focused on vulnerable populations during this health emergency. Methods: The study adopted a mixed-methods design with triangulation of quantitative and qualitative data. Results: Social cartography showed that in the early months of the pandemic, the health administration had difficulty reordering the health system, which experienced constant updates in the protocols but was nevertheless consolidated over the months. The evidence collected in the study showed that important emergency interventions in the municipality of BH involved activities that facilitated access by HP to the supply of services. Discussion: The existence of national guidelines for inter-sector care for HP cannot be ruled out as a positive influence, although the municipalities are responsible for their implementation. Significantly, a health emergency was necessary to intensify the relationship between health and social protection services. Roving services were among those with the greatest positive evidence, with the least need for infrastructure to be replicated at the local level. In addition, the temporary supply of various inter-sector services, simultaneously with the provision of day shelters by organized civil society, was considered a key factor for expanding and intensifying networks of care for HP during the emergency phase. A plan exists to continue and expand this model in the future. The study concluded that understanding the inter-sector variables that impact HP contributes to better targeting of investments in interventions that work at the root causes of these issues or that increase the effectiveness of health and social protection systems.

Assessing the level of poverty and utilization of government social programs among tobacco farmers in Indonesia.

INTRODUCTION: Studies examining profit suggest that former tobacco farmers do as well or better than current tobacco farmers. Research has yet to examine the relationship among current and former tobacco farmers, poverty, and receipt of government social assistance. This type of research is critical to understanding the direct and indirect subsidization of tobacco growing. This study analyzed tobacco farmers' poverty levels and receipt of government social assistance programs. METHODS: We designed and conducted an original four-wave economic survey of current and former tobacco farming households in Indonesia between 2016 and 2022. We then used descriptive analysis and probit regression for panel data to estimate the relationship between tobacco farming and poverty status. RESULTS: Tobacco farmers' per capita income and poverty rates vary across years. The poverty rate was significantly higher in the year with a higher-than-normal rainfall as it negatively affected farming outcomes. During this year, the poverty rate among current tobacco farmers was also higher than that of former tobacco farmers. Regression estimates from the panel data confirm the association between tobacco farming and the likelihood of being poor. We also found a high share of current tobacco farmers who receive government social assistance programs, such as cash transfer programs and a universal healthcare program. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings show high poverty rates-particularly during bad farming years-and high rates of government social assistance among tobacco farmers. The high rates of government assistance among tobacco farmers living in poverty show that the government is indirectly subsidizing the tobacco industry.

Retrato da inserção de terapeutas ocupacionais no Sistema Único de Assistência Social / Characterization of the insertion of occupational therapists in the Brazilian Unified Social Assistance System

Resumo Introdução Desde 2005, as cidades brasileiras estão se adequando para organizar equipes e serviços do Sistema Único de Assistência Social (SUAS) e, a partir de 2011, a terapia ocupacional passou a ser reconhecida como uma das profissões que compõem tais equipes e a gestão do SUAS. Este estudo aborda como a categoria tem participado dessa política no estado do Rio de Janeiro. Objetivo Mapear as terapeutas ocupacionais que atuam no SUAS nesse estado e delinear as características dessa inserção. Metodologia Estudo de mapeamento, descritivo e transversal, utilizando informações oficiais do Censo SUAS. Os dados foram analisados a partir de uma perspectiva descritiva, em diálogo com a Política Nacional de Assistência Social, a literatura do campo da terapia ocupacional na assistência social e sob o referencial da terapia ocupacional social. Resultados No estado do Rio de Janeiro, 142 terapeutas ocupacionais atuam no SUAS, o equivalente a 8,9% das profissionais desse estado. Como retrato, obtivemos imagem formada por mulheres (89,4%) entre 41-50 anos de idade (34,5%), contratadas por Organizações da Sociedade Civil (93%), celetistas (50%), com carga horária semanal de 11-20 horas (40,9%), inseridas majoritariamente nos Centros-dia (71%), atuando com pessoas com deficiências e idosas. Conclusão A inserção de terapeutas ocupacionais no SUAS fluminense acontece de forma precarizada, com baixa inserção nos equipamentos estatais. Sinaliza-se a necessidade de as entidades representativas da classe atuarem nessa política pública enquanto promotora de ampliação de vagas/concursos/emprego, bem como investirem em debates sobre as composições das equipes e o reconhecimento dos diferentes campos de saber.

Abstract Introduction Since 2005, Brazilian cities have been adapting to organize teams and services of the Unified Social Assistance System (SUAS), and since 2011, occupational therapy has been recognized as one of the professions that compose these teams and the management of SUAS. This study addresses how the category has been involved in this policy in the state of Rio de Janeiro. Objective To map the occupational therapists working at SUAS in this state and outline the characteristics of this inclusion. Methodology A descriptive, cross-sectional mapping study, using official data from the SUAS Census. Data were analyzed from a descriptive perspective, in dialogue with the National Social Assistance/Welfare Policy, the literature in the field of occupational therapy in social assistance, and under the framework of social occupational therapy. Results In the State of Rio de Janeiro, 142 occupational therapists work at SUAS, which is equivalent to 8.9% of the professionals in this state. This workforce is composed of women (89.4%) aged 41-50 years (34.5%), hired by Civil Society Organizations (93%), under the Consolidation of Labor Laws (CLT) regime (50%), with a weekly workload of 11-20 hours (40.9%), mainly inserted in Day Centers (71%), working with people with disabilities and older people. Conclusion The inclusion of occupational therapists in SUAS of Rio de Janeiro state occurs precariously, with low insertion in this state's devices. It highlights the need for representative entities of the class to act in this public policy as a promoter of expanding job opportunities/public contests/employment, as well as to invest in debates about team compositions and the recognition of different fields of knowledge.

Long-term social assistance recipients' experiences with an increased monthly payment: a qualitative pilot study.

AIMS: Ten long-term social assistance recipients in a Norwegian municipality received a greater-than-average fixed monthly payment for 12 months. This study aimed to explore whether these recipients with reduced administrative requirements and a fixed monthly payment that was greater than the average social assistance experienced reduced poverty, increased feelings of independence, better daily living, and an improved quality of life. METHODS: The study's explorative design included 20 qualitative, in-depth, semi-structured interviews and a longitudinal electronic survey for 12 months. The 10 participants had been selected by the local labour and welfare agency based on stringent criteria and are therefore not representative of social assistance recipients in general. Individual interviews were conducted during autumn 2021 and spring 2022. The interview data were analysed using systematic text condensation, and the survey results are presented using descriptive statistics. RESULTS: The participants included in the project described a reduced experience of poverty. They could buy additional items and set aside money, something they had not been able to do in the past, and meant a great deal to them. They expressed experiencing freedom, gaining a stronger sense of independence, and having lessened feelings of shame. Many of the participants described health issues that were incompatible with working. CONCLUSIONS: Being given this opportunity led to a feeling of increased dignity and greater inclusion in society among this selected group of participants. They appreciated the simplified conditions and reduced requirements for administrative matters. All expressed that spending 8 months without contact with the social welfare office was a liberation.

Psicologia e política de Assistência Social: discursos sobre a violência infantojuvenil / Psicología y política de Asistencia Social: discursos sobre la violencia Infantil y juvenil / Psychology and Social Assistance: discourses on child and youth violence

Esse trabalho trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa de revisão narrativa que busca apresentar e discutir as práticas da Psicologia na política de Assistência Social em situações de violência infantojuvenil, tendo como fonte de informações as publicações científicas da área. A pesquisa foi realizada em três bases de dados e contou com um montante final de 23 artigos que foram lidos e analisados. O tema mostra-se relevante pois, ainda nos dias de hoje, crianças e adolescentes aparecem como as maiores vítimas de violência no Brasil e a política de Assistência Social se apresenta como um importante espaço de intervenção visando o enfrentamento de tais situações. Por meio da análise dos artigos científicos, conclui-se que as práticas descritas nas produções ora se articulam com matrizes de pensamento individualizantes e hegemônicas da Psicologia, ora produzem discursos que buscam a construção de saberes pautados na perspectiva social, territorial e no pensamento crítico. (AU)

This paper presents qualitative research of narrative review, which seeks to present and discuss the interventions of Psychology in the Social Assistance policy in situations of child and youth violence, havingassourceofinformationthescientificpublications. The research was conducted in three databases and had a final amount of 23 articles that were read and analyzed.The theme is relevant, because even today children and adolescents appear as the biggest victims of violence in Brazil and the Social Assistance presents itself as an important space for confrontation in this situations. Through the analysis of scientific articles, it is concluded that these productions point practices that sometimes are articulate with individualizing and hegemonic thought matrices of Psychology and in another moment produce discourses that seek to build knowledge based on the social, territorial perspective and on critical thinking. (AU)

Este trabajo presenta una investigación cualitativa de revisión narrativa, que busca presentar y discutir las intervenciones de la Psicología en la política de Asistencia Social en situaciones de violencia infantil y juvenil, teniendo como fuente de información las publicaciones científicasdel area.La investigación se realizó en tres bases de datos y contó con un total de 23 artículos que fueron leídos y analizados. El tema se muestra relevante, ya que aún en la actualidad los niños y adolescentes aparecen como las principales víctimas de violencia en Brasil, y la política de Asistencia Social se presenta como un importante espacio de confrontacionfrente a estas situaciones. A través del análisis de artículos científicos, se concluye que estas producciones apuntan prácticas descritas a veces se articulan con matrices de pensamiento individualizantes y hegemónicas de la Psicología, mientras que otras veces producen discursos que buscan la construcción de saberes basados en la perspectiva social, territorial y en el pensamiento crítico. (AU)

The increasing association between child poverty and children in out-of-home care - an ecological longitudinal analysis of Finnish municipalities in the period 1992-2021.

BACKGROUND: International evidence indicates that child poverty increases the risk of child welfare intervention needs but Finland, paradoxically, has low child poverty rates and high child welfare intervention rates. We investigate the extent to which the rate of social assistance use in families with children, as a proxy for child poverty, can be associated with the rate of children in out-of-home care in Finnish municipalities. METHODS: Data on the annual rate of social assistance use and out-of-home care were drawn from national registers for 216 Finnish municipalities from 1992 to 2021. Linear regression models were utilised to investigate the extent to which the social assistance use rate explained child out-of-home care rates, both spatially and temporally, across municipalities and years while adjusting for the unemployment rate. RESULTS: The rate of out-of-home care increased from some 700 to 1600 per 100,000 children over the period 1992-2021. A percentage point higher rate of the social assistance use was associated with 44-72 more children placed in out-of-home care per 100,000 children, net of the unemployment rate. This association was stronger in more recent time periods. A smaller association was observed within municipalities over time: a percentage point increase in social assistant use was linked to some 4-25 more children placed in out-of-home care per 100,000 children. CONCLUSION: Out-of-home care is increasingly concentrated in Finnish municipalities with high rates of families receiving social assistance. Preventative child welfare interventions are therefore required in areas with higher rates of economic difficulties among families.

Senses and repercussions of student assistance on the eating practices of students from a Brazilian public university during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Student assistance (SA), regulated through the National Student Assistance Program (PNAES), seeks to meet the basic social needs of university students and is inserted in the field of public policies for higher education in federal institutions in Brazil. The program allocates financial resources in order to provide scholarships, housing, food, transport, physical and mental health, and accessibility for disabled students. The present study aims to identify the senses attributed by students of a federal public university to AE and the relationship between SA and their eating practices during the COVID-19 pandemic. A qualitative approach was used. Online questionnaire and focus groups were employed for data collection. The study public consisted of undergraduate students. Descriptive statistics and content analysis were used, opting for thematic analysis, with the support of the MAXQDA software. The core meanings were organized into two categories: (i) food during pandemic and (ii) role of student assistance. A total of 55 responses were obtained, and three focus groups were carried out. About 45% reported that the pecuniary aid offered by the university was the family's only source of income during the pandemic and 65% used it to buy food. More than half described worsening in food quality, related to food prices. Although no specific evaluation instrument was used, it is plausible to admit that the students experienced a situation of food insecurity, given the uncertainty in regular access to food, the compromised quality of food, and the strategies mobilized to guarantee a minimum amount of food for all members of the family. Among the reported strategies were changing the location and mode of acquisition (receiving donations, buying in groups or in wholesalers) and choosing cheaper genres. Although students consider SA essential for access and maintenance at the university, a sense assigned to SA was the role of "help." In general, students did not link SA to social rights, as part of public educational policy and as a mechanism for food and nutrition security. SA actions developed during the pandemic were essential for keeping students at the university, also functioning, albeit unintentionally, as a food and nutritional security mechanism.

Does social disadvantage persist over generations due to an uneven distribution of mental health diagnoses? A longitudinal investigation of Finnish register data.

Social disadvantages persist over generations, while the mechanisms behind the intergenerational transmission are not well understood. To fill this gap, first, we examine to what degree being diagnosed with a mental health disorder in adolescence mediate the transmission of social disadvantage. Second, we investigate whether the role of mental health varies for different outcomes. Third, we examine differences between disorder groups and gender. We exploited register data on the full Finnish population including information on mental health diagnoses (MHD) based on ICD-10 classification recorded in public specialized health care. As socioeconomic outcomes, we used offspring's (N = 511,835) records for low educational attainment, unemployment, and social assistance dependency in early adulthood. In addition to linear probability models, the g-computation method was used to simulate the degree to which reducing mental health inequalities in adolescence could narrow the differences between children of different family backgrounds. Our results show that adolescents with MHD had a higher likelihood of experiencing social disadvantage as young adults even after accounting for parental socioeconomic status and alternative health pathways. The counterfactual analysis indicated that the proportion mediated by unevenly distributed MHD was with 7.5% highest for social assistance followed by 4.2% for education and 3.2% for unemployment. The effect of mental health was modified by gender yet direction and strength varied across methods and externalizing behaviors mattered more for the intergenerational persistence than internalizing behaviors. Hypothetically reducing MHD to the level of families with high socioeconomic status might indeed lower part of the intergenerational transmission of social assistance dependency but to lesser degree of unemployment and low educational attainment. We demonstrate the need of support and services for those with MHD, especially among socially disadvantaged groups. However, social disadvantage should not be overly medicalized as family background has an important independent effect on offspring's socioeconimic outcomes.

Roles of Social Protection to Promote Health Service Coverage among Vulnerable People toward Achieving Universal Health Coverage: A Literature Review of International Organizations.

A wider range of social protection services, including social insurance and social assistance, are gaining global attention as a key driver of improved health service coverage and financial protection among vulnerable populations. However, only a few studies have investigated the associations between social protection and universal health coverage (UHC). Therefore, we conducted a literature review on relevant international organizations with respect to this topic. We found that many international organizations consider the wide range of social protection services, including social insurance and social assistance, essential for achieving UHC in 2030. In specific health programs, social protection is considered an important service to promote health service access and financial protection, especially among vulnerable populations. However, discussions about social protection for achieving UHC are not given high priority in the World Health Organization. Currently, the coverage of social protection services is low among vulnerable populations in low- and middle-income countries. To address this issue, we employed the metrics recommended by the migrant integration policy index (MIPEX). Based on our findings, a conceptual framework was developed. We expect this framework to lead synergy between social protection and health systems around the globe, resulting in healthy ageing.

[Social support and accompaniment for patients with disabilities]. / Soutien et accompagnement social des patients en situation de handicap.

The announcement of multiple sclerosis is likely to turn a person's life and plans upside down. Many questions then arise, particularly concerning rights and available assistance. Faced with the multitude of existing organizations and mechanisms, caregivers can direct the patient to a social service assistant. This person will be able to advise and accompany the patient in his or her efforts.

'People don't understand what we go through!': Caregiver views on South Africa's care dependency grant.

Background: Caregivers are under enormous pressure in trying to provide for the needs of their children with disabilities in South Africa. The care dependency grant (CDG), an unconditional cash transfer, is the primary state-subsidised intervention for the social protection of low-income caregivers of children with disabilities. Objectives: The primary objective of this substudy, within a larger multistakeholder qualitative project, was to investigate caregiver perspectives on CDG assessment and application, their beliefs about the purpose of the CDG and how they actually used these funds. Methods: Data for this qualitative research included in-depth individual interviews and one focus group discussion. Six low-income caregivers who were current or previous CDG beneficiaries participated. Deductive thematic analysis was conducted using codes related to the objectives. Results: Access to the CDG was usually too late and over-complicated. Caregivers were grateful for the CDG but it was insufficient to cover the costs of care, in the context of high unemployment and weaknesses in complementary social services. Pressure on these caregivers was intensified by criticism in their social environments and a lack of respite care. Conclusion: Caregivers need service providers to be better trained and for systems of referral to available social services to be strengthened. The whole of society ought also to be targeted for increased social inclusion facilitated by improvements in understandings of the lived experience and cost of disability. Contribution: The rapid time from data collection to write-up of this study will aid in building the evidence base on the CDG, an urgent priority for South Africa's journey towards comprehensive social protection.

Reciprocal relations between financial hardship, sense of societal belonging and mental health for social assistance recipients.

This study assesses the extent to which reciprocal relations exist between financial hardship, sense of societal belonging and mental health for social assistance recipients. This provides crucial information on how a desired change in these outcomes may be realized, and which factors to target to improve recipients' disadvantaged situation most. In order to answer our research question, we drew on three-wave panel data (N = 348) from a social experiment in the municipality of Nijmegen, the Netherlands, which ran from December 2017 to January 2020. The data were analyzed using cross-lagged panel models. Our findings show that financial hardship and sense of societal belonging did not predict change in recipients' mental health. A better mental health at baseline, in contrast, predicted an increase in sense of societal belonging one and two years later. In addition, both a better mental health and a stronger sense of societal belonging at baseline predicted a decrease in financial hardship one year later, but this relation was not found between other waves. These findings emphasize that improving recipients' mental health may be a promising policy strategy to improve their situation.

Social workers as disaster responders during the COVID-19 pandemic: Polish experience.

This article aims to present the experiences of 284 social workers as disaster responders during the Covid-19 pandemic-the study conducted among social workers from public social assistance institutions in the Greater Poland Province, Poland.During the pandemic, the vast majority of social workers carried out administrative activities consisting of qualifying people to receive social assistance benefits. The activities that were undertaken the least frequently during the pandemic were: initiating new forms of assistance, developing social welfare programs acting as an advocate for the rights and interests of clients. Respondents observed changes in the functioning of social assistance institutions during the pandemic on several levels: guarantying access to personal protective equipment, changes in the way of working, lack of protecting the mental health of workers. The respondents were asked to rate on cooperation with the environment to mitigate the effects of the pandemic. Cooperation with institutions such as police, non-governmental organizations, informal groups, and the Wielkopolska Province Office in Poznan was rated the highest. The results of the present study demonstrate that social workers are essential disaster responders to the COVID-19 pandemic. The majority of polish social workers did not lose touch with the local environment and, risking their own health, undertook activities for people and families in need.

Psicologia e Deficiência: análise da formação e inserção de psicólogos nos serviços de Assistência Social / Psychology and Disability: analysis of training and insertion of psychologists in Social Assistance services

Neste trabalho, analisamos as significações sobre a formação profissional e o processo de inserção de psicólogas(os) que atuam no ‌Serviço ‌de‌ ‌Proteção‌ ‌Social‌ ‌Especial‌ ‌para‌ ‌Pessoas‌ ‌com‌ ‌Deficiência, ‌Idosas‌ ‌e‌ ‌suas‌ ‌Famílias‌ (SEPREDI/SUAS). Para tanto, foram entrevistados seis profissionais de três municípios catarinenses. As informações foram obtidas por meio de entrevistas em profundidade e analisadas a partir dos núcleos de significação. A perspectiva teórica foi baseada no diálogo entre a psicologia sócio-histórica e os estudos da deficiência de matriz feminista. Os resultados apontaram a necessidade de a formação inicial e continuada preparar as(os) psicólogas(os) para lidar com a complexidade das demandas presentes em serviços como o SEPREDI. Ademais, indicam a importância de os concursos públicos voltados à seleção de profissionais para o SUAS serem específicos para este campo de atuação. Evidencia-se a relevância de uma formação interseccional, intersetorial e atenta à garantia dos direitos humanos. (AU)

In this paper, we analyze the meanings of professional training and the process of insertion of psychologists who work in the Special Social Protection Service for‌ ‌Disabled people, ‌Elderly‌ ‌and‌ ‌their‌ ‌Families (SEPREDI/SUAS). For this purpose, six professionals from three cities in Santa Catarina were interviewed. The information was obtained through in-depth interviews and analyzed from the meaning cores. The theoretical perspective was based on the dialogue between Socio-Historical Psychology and the feminist perspective of Disability Studies. The results indicated the need for initial and continuing training to prepare psychologists to deal with the complexity of the demands present in services such as SEPREDI. The dialogue of socio-historical psychology with the field of disability studies with a feminist matrix was the theoretical perspective adopted, understanding disability as a transversal and political experience. The results analyzed from the meaning cores pointed to the need for initial and continuing education to prepare psychologists to deal with the complexity of the demands present in services such as SEPREDI. Furthermore, they indicate the importance of public examinations aimed at selecting professionals for SUAS being specific to this field of work. The relevance of an intersectional, intersectoral training that is attentive to the guarantee of human rights is highlighted. (AU)

A Psicologia no SUAS: Provocações em Tempos de Desmontes / Psychology in the SUAS (Unified System of Social Assistance): Provocations in Times of Dismantlement

Neste artigo objetivamos problematizar o campo de forças que compõe as práticas psicológicas e as normativas das políticas públicas no âmbito da Assistência Social. Para tanto, tomamos o Serviço de Proteção e Atendimento Integral à Família (PAIF) como analisador de tal política, com o objetivo de propor algumas provocações à Psicologia e à própria Assistência Social. Tra-ta-se de uma pesquisa documental que utiliza, como grade analítica, o conceito foucaultiano de governamentalidade, tomando como materialidade de análise o documento “Orientações Técnicas sobre o Serviço de Proteção e Atendimento Integral à Família” volume I (2012) e os impasses gerados pelos recentes cortes orçamentários, que, em parte, inviabilizam o Sistema Único de Assistência Social. Diante disto, as provocações apontam para o que pode emergir do encontro entre a Psicologia e o SUAS, dos desafios às possibilidades engendradas entre esses campos, que se constroem imbricados à racionalidade neoliberal e aos processos de in/exclusão brasileiros. (AU)

In this article, we problematize the field of forces involving psychological practices and public policy guidelines in the domain of Social Assistance. For this purpose, we take the Service of Protection and Integral Support to the Family as an analyzer of this policy and raise questions regarding the fields of Psychology and Social Assistance. In this documentary research, the Foucauldian concept of governmentalityworks as an analytical grid. The materials of analysis consist of the document “Technical Guidelines Regarding the Service of Protection and Inte-gral Support to the Family”, volume I (2012), plus the standoffs caused by recent budget cuts, which partiallyhinder the Unified System of Social Assistance (SUAS). In light of this, our provocations highlight what can emerge from the encounter between Psychology and the SUAS, considering both the challenges and possibilities engendered by these fields, which areinterwoven with neoliberal rationality and processes of in/exclusion in Brazil. (AU)

Racismo de estado como fronteira de acesso à comunidade / El racismo estatal como frontera de acceso a la comunidad / State racism as a frontier of access to the community

Resumo Este artigo objetiva problematizar a ausência majoritária de homens negros nos Centro de Referência da Assistência Social (CRAS). Analisamos um discurso acerca dos usuários do serviço, proveniente de entrevistas realizadas para uma pesquisa mais ampla produzida com trabalhadoras/es do serviço em uma cidade do sul do país. O olhar aqui se pautou na análise do discurso de Laclau e Mouffe (2015), localizando articulações discursivas que inscrevem identidades sociais e produzem a relação sensível do sujeito com o mundo, disputando espaço no campo conflitivo do social. Como resultados da pesquisa, percebemos o racismo como produtor de uma fronteira sensível na relação da equipe com homens da comunidade, de forma que estes corpos são assumidos como perigosos e ameaçadores, afastando-os da leitura que os assume como sujeitos em vulnerabilidade social e como corpo ao qual a política pública de assistência social se destina.

Resumen Este artículo tiene como objetivo problematizar la ausencia mayoritaria de hombres negros en Centro de Referencia de Asistencia Social - CRAS. Analizamos un discurso sobre los usuarios del servicio, a partir de entrevistas realizadas para una investigación más amplia realizada a trabajadores del servicio en una ciudad del sur del país. La mirada se basó en el análisis del discurso de Laclau y Mouffe, ubicando articulaciones discursivas que inscriben identidades sociales y producen la relación sensible del sujeto con el mundo, disputando espacios en el campo conflictivo de lo social. Como resultado, percibimos el racismo como una frontera sensible en la relación del equipo con los hombres de la comunidad, en la que se asume que estos cuerpos son peligrosos y amenazantes, alejándolos de la lectura que los asume como sujetos en vulnerabilidad social y como el cuerpo a que se dirige la política pública de asistencia social.

Abstract This article aims to problematize the majority absence of Black men in the Centro de Referência da Assistência Social - CRAS [Reference Center for Social Assistance]. We analyze a discourse about service users from interviews conducted for a broader research produced with service workers in a city in the south of Brazil. The perspective was based on Laclau and Mouffe's discourse analysis, locating discursive articulations that inscribe social identities and produce the subject's sensitive relationship with the world, disputing space in the conflictive social field. As a result, we perceive racism as a producer of a sensitive frontier in the team's relationship with men in the community, in a way that these bodies are assumed to be dangerous and threatening, moving them away from the reading that assumes them as subjects in social vulnerability and as a person for whom the public policy of social assistance is intended.

Práticas psicológicas nos Creas do interior do RS: o olhar de trabalhadoras(es) / Psychological practices on CREAS in the countryside of the state of Rio Grande do Sul: perspectives of workers / Prácticas psicológicas en CREAS en el interior de Rio Grande do Sul: perspectiva de trabajadoras/es

O presente texto tem o objetivo de explanar ações desempenhadas por psicólogas(os) trabalhadoras(es) dos Centros de Referência Especializados de Assistência Social (Creas), em situações de violência intrafamiliar, identificadas a partir do estude empírico realizado por mim, psicóloga pesquisadora, também trabalhadora de um Creas. Participaram da pesquisa doze psicólogas(os), trabalhadoras(es) destes centros, em sete municípios do interior do Rio Grande do Sul, onde foram realizadas, presencialmente, as entrevistas. A análise dos dados apontou para uma compreensão metodológica a partir de três dimensões já apontadas na bibliografia, sendo elas: a) Acolhida Inicial, que demonstra que esses profissionais geralmente iniciam suas práticas com uma família ou indivíduo indo ao encontro destes, buscando a vinculação dos mesmos com o serviço; b) Acompanhamento Especializado, onde essas(es) trabalhadoras(es) desenvolvem suas práticas com diversidade e criatividade, a partir de visitas domiciliares, trabalhos com grupos, indivíduos ou famílias, geralmente em conjunto com outros profissionais, principalmente assistentes sociais; c) Articulação com a Rede, onde se identificou um importante movimento para o trabalho em conjunto com outros serviços disponíveis no território. Por fim, as considerações finais indicam que ainda há um caminho a ser trilhado com relação à definição das práticas dos psicólogos no Creas. Porém, há muito que se falar a respeito de práticas que já estão ocorrendo. Assim, tornam-se relevantes as pesquisas acadêmicas nesse contexto, pois ao inserir os profissionais psicólogos trabalhadores da política, eles podem promover uma articulação entre a produção do fazer cotidiano e a reflexão teórica e acadêmica sustentada pelas pesquisas.(AU)

This study aims to explore the activities developed by psychologists from the Centros de Referência de Atenção Especializada (CREAS - Brazilian Specialized Social Assistance Reference Centers), regarding situations of intrafamily violence identified by me, the author, a research psychologist and, CREAS worker. Participants include 12 psychologists who work on such centers from 7 cities in the countryside of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, where the interviews were conducted in person. The data analysis pointed toward a methodological comprehension based on 3 dimensions that have already been mentioned in the literature: the Initial Approach, which shows that these workers usually initiate their practices with a family or an individual by going after them, seeking bond development with the service. The Specialized Follow-up, in which these workers develop their practices with diversity and creativity, through home visits and activities with group, family or individual, often with other workers, such as social assistance workers. And the Network Articulation, in which a significant movement toward working with the public services available on each territory is identified. Finally, there is still a path to be taken regarding the definition of psychological practices on CREAS, however, there is much to be noticed of what has already been occurring. Thus, academic research on such context is relevant since the inclusion of psychologists who work in this policy may promote an articulation between daily activity and the theoretical and academic reflection, supported by the research.(AU)

Este texto tuvo por objetivo explicar las acciones desarrolladas por psicólogas/os trabajadoras/es en los "Centros de Referência Especializados de Assistência Social" (CREAS) (Centros de Referencia Especializados en Asistencia Social), respecto a las situaciones de violencia intrafamiliar, identificadas por un estudio empírico hecho por una psicóloga-investigadora que actúa en un CREAS. Participaron 12 psicólogas/os que trabajan en estos centros, en siete ciudades del interior de Rio Grande do Sul (Brasil), donde se llevó a cabo las entrevistas en persona. El análisis de datos apuntó a una comprensión metodológica de tres dimensiones ya destacadas en la bibliografía: la Acogida Inicial, que enseña que estos profesionales generalmente empiezan sus prácticas con una familia o individuo buscando el encuentro para la promoción de la vinculación con el servicio; El Seguimiento Especializado, en el que desarrollan sus prácticas con diversidad y creatividad desde visitas domiciliarias, trabajos con grupos, individuos o familias, generalmente junto a otros profesionales, sobre todo con trabajadores sociales; y Articulación con la Red de Servicios, en la cual se identificó un importante movimiento para el trabajo con otros servicios disponibles en el territorio. Por fin, se observa que todavía hay un camino por recorrer en relación a la definición de las prácticas de psicólogos en CREAS, aunque hay mucho que decir respecto a las prácticas que ya están ocurriendo. Así, se vuelven relevantes las investigaciones académicas en ese contexto por introducir a los profesionales psicólogos trabajadores de la política, las cuales pueden promover una articulación entre la producción del hacer cotidiano y la reflexión teórica y académica sustentada por las investigaciones.(AU)

Capitalismo dependente e as políticas sociais brasileiras: política de assistência social em questão / Dependent capitalism and Brazilian social policies: social assistance policy under discussion

Resumo: Este artigo apresenta o debate acerca da política de Assistência Social na contemporaneidade do ponto de vista do padrão das políticas sociais brasileiras, delineado a partir da Teoria Marxista da Dependência. Sinaliza seu caráter estruturalmente restrito e localiza seu ciclo breve de construção, gradualmente inviabilizado após 2016.

Abstract: This article presents the debate about the Social Assistance Policy in contemporary times from the perspective of the pattern of Brazilian social policies, delineated from the Marxist Theory of Dependence. It points out its structurally restricted nature and locates its brief construction cycle, which gradually became unfeasible after 2016.

Bem-estar no trabalho: influência das condições para criatividade entre psicólogos dos Creas-MG / Well-being at work: influence of creativity conditions among CREAS-MG psychologists / Bienestar en el trabajo: influencia de las condiciones para la creatividad entre psicólogos de los centros de referencia especializados en asistencia social en Minas Gerais (CREAS-MG)

Trata-se de estudo quantitativo correlacional com objetivo de testar um modelo em que Bem-Estar no Trabalho (BET) é explicado pelas Condições Favoráveis e Desfavoráveis para a Criatividade no Ambiente de Trabalho de psicólogos que trabalham nos Centros de Referência Especializado de Assistência Social de Minas Gerais. Após a aprovação do Comitê de Ética, contatos dos centros foram localizados via arquivo público digital. O convite foi enviado por e-mail com o link de acesso ao Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido; Questionário com Dados Demográficos e Funcionais; Escala de Bem-estar no Trabalho; e Indicadores de Condições para Criar no Ambiente de Trabalho. A medida de BET contempla Afeto Positivo, Afeto Negativo e Realização Pessoal e Profissional; enquanto há seis Condições Favoráveis e três Desfavoráveis à Criatividade no Trabalho. As escalas multidimensionais apresentam evidências de validade e resposta Likert de cinco pontos. Os dados foram analisados a partir de estatísticas descritivas e inferenciais, regressão múltipla padrão para teste do modelo e Alfa de Cronbach para verificação da fidedignidade das escalas. A amostra de conveniência contou com 145 psicólogos, majoritariamente mulheres (n=125), com pós-graduação lato senso (n=102) e vínculo estatutário (n=74). As maiores médias encontradas foram Realização Pessoal e Profissional (M=3.47; DP=0.65), Atividades Desafiantes (M=3.50; DP=0.68), e Excesso de Serviços e Escassez de Tempo (M=3.51; DP=0.85). Os resultados apontam que as Condições para a Criatividade no Trabalho contribuem significativamente para as três dimensões de BET, demonstrando a importância de promover um contexto propício à criatividade e ao bem-estar dos trabalhadores.(AU)

This is a quantitative correlational study aiming to test a model in which Well-Being at Work (WBW) is explained by the Favorable and Unfavorable Conditions for Creativity in the Work Environment of psychologists who work in the Specialized Reference Centers for Social Assistance in Minas Gerais (CREAS-MG). After approval by the Ethics Committee, contacts of the centers were located via public digital file. The invitation was sent by e-mail with the link to access the Informed Consent Form; Questionnaire with Demographic and Functional Data; Workplace Well-Being Scale; and Indicators of Conditions for Creating in the Workplace. The WBW measures Positive Affection, Negative Affection, and Personal and Professional Fulfillment; alongside six Favorable Conditions and three Unfavorable Conditions for Creativity at Work. Multidimensional scales provide evidence of validity and a five-point Likert response. Data were analyzed based on descriptive and inferential statistics, standard multiple regression to test the model and Cronbach's Alpha to verify the reliability of the scales. The convenience sample consisted of 145 psychologists, mostly women (n=125), with lato sensu post-graduation (n=102), and statutory employment (n=74). The highest means are Personal and Professional Fullfilment (M=3.47; SD=0.65), Challenging Activities (M=3.50; SD=0.68), and Excessive Services and Shortage of Time (M=3.51; SD=0.85). The results indicate that the Conditions for Creativity at Work significantly contribute to the three dimensions of WBW and demonstrate the importance of promoting a context conducive to creativity and well-being of workers.(AU)

Este estudio cuantitativo correlacional tuvo el objetivo de probar un modelo en el que el bienestar en el trabajo (BET) se explica por las condiciones favorables y desfavorables para la creatividad en el ambiente laboral de los psicólogos que laboran en los Centros de Referencia Especializados en Asistencia Social en Minas Gerais. Tras la aprobación del Comité de Ética, se buscaron los contactos de estos centros en un archivo digital público. La invitación enviada por correo electrónico contenía el enlace para acceder al Formulario de Consentimiento Informado, al Cuestionario con Datos Demográficos y Funcionales, a la Escala de Bienestar Laboral y a los Indicadores de Condiciones para la Creación en el Lugar de Trabajo. La medida BET incluye afecto positivo, afecto negativo y realización personal y profesional; mientras que la otra medida cubre seis condiciones favorables y tres condiciones desfavorables para la creatividad en el trabajo. Las escalas multidimensionales proporcionan evidencia de validez y una respuesta Likert de cinco puntos. Para el análisis de datos se utilizó estadística descriptiva e inferencial, regresión múltiple estándar para probar el modelo y Alfa de Cronbach para verificar la confiabilidad de las escalas. La muestra de conveniencia consistió en 145 trabajadores, en su mayoría mujeres (n=125), con posgrado lato sensu (n=102) y empleo estatutario (n=74). Los promedios más altos son el logro personal y profesional (M=3,47; DE=0,65), las actividades desafiantes (M=3,50; DE=0,68), el exceso de servicios y la escasez de tiempo (M=3,51; DE=0,85). Los resultados indican que las condiciones para la creatividad en el trabajo contribuyen significativamente a las tres dimensiones de BET y demuestran la importancia de promover un contexto propicio para la creatividad y el bienestar de los trabajadores.(AU)

Os quilombos e suas interfaces com o Sistema Único de Assistência Social / Quilombos and their interfaces with the Unified Social Assistance System

O artigo apresenta a discussão sobre os quilombos no estado do Rio Grande do Sul (RS) e as aproximações com as ofertas inscritas no Sistema Único de Assistência Social (SUAS), com objetivo de analisar as particularidades da questão étnico-racial acerca dos povos quilombolas no estado do Rio Grande do Sul, para a afirmação desta pauta na agenda do SUAS. Socializa os resultados de uma pesquisa documental de abordagem mista com ênfase qualitativa. Revela a potência e a complementaridade das informações encontradas nos instrumentos do SUAS, como nos dados do Censo SUAS (2019) do Centro de Referência de Assistência Social (CRAS) e do Centro de Referência Especializado de Assistência Social (CREAS) e os dados do Cadastro Único (2021), frente ao reconhecimento dos territórios quilombolas, embora ainda seja necessário ampliar as ações de educação permanente acerca do debate sobre a questão étnico-racial e os quilombos na agenda da política de assistência social

The article presents the discussion about the quilombos in the state of Rio Grande do Sul (RS) and the approximations with the offers registered in the Unified Social Assistance System (SUAS), with the objective of analyzing the particularities of the ethnic-racial issue concerning the quilombola peoples in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, for the affirmation of this agenda in the SUAS agenda. It socializes the results of a mixed approach documentary research with a qualitative emphasis. It reveals the power and complementarity of the information found in the SUAS instruments, as in the data from the SUAS Census (2019) from the Social Assistance Reference Center (CRAS) and the Specialized Reference Center for Social Assistance (CREAS) and data from the Single Registry (2021), in view of the recognition of quilombola territories, although it is still necessary to expand permanent education actions regarding the debate on the ethnic-racial issue and the quilombos in the social assistance policy agenda